Efeito da usinagem e de procedimentos pós-usinagem na superfície de materiais odontológicos para CAD/CAM

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the surface roughness and analyze the surface topography of five different ceramics, a resin composite and two polymers for CAD/CAM after milling and post milling procedures. Blocks of Mark II, IPS Empress CAD, IPS e.max CAD, Enamic, Lava Ultimate, Suprinity, CAD-Temp and CAD-Waxx were milled in CEREC MCXL system. The surface roughness (Ra; μm) was measured before and after millig procedures, polishing and glaze (when indicated) followed by analysis by SEM and AFM. The results were subjected to statistical tests (one-way ANOVA for repeated measures and Tukey HSD and one-way ANOVA also with Post-Hoc Tukey, respectively) with a significance level of 5% (α=0.05). The milling step significantly increased surface roughness in all tested materials (p<0.05). Mechanical polishing was able to reduce the roughness generated by grinding, requiring the glazing step only in partially crystallized ceramic (IPS e.max CAD and Suprinity). In other materials (Mark II, IPS Empress CAD, Lava Ultimate, Enamic, CAD- Temp and CAD-Waxx) mechanical polishing was enough to achieve similar surface roughness values of the smoothness of the blocks directly from manufacturers. The study suggests that the glaze step can be suppressed in materials completely crystallized and/or polymerized by the manufacturer, these having no statistically significant difference when it's just done mechanical polishing.