Associação do estado nutricional e ingestão alimentar com os sintomas depressivos e ansiosos em idosos institucionalizados

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary intake and nutritional status with depressive and anxiety symptoms in institutionalized elderly. They selected 80 elderly people with normal cognitive status by the Mini-Mental State three long-term care facilities served by the Bank of the Rio Grande do Sul Food. We collected demographic data through a short questionnaire. Nutritional status was assessed by Miniavaliação Nutrition (MNA®) in full, including the calculation of body mass index (BMI). The nutrient intake was analyzed by averaging three dietary recalls Surveys 24 hours and depressive and anxiety symptoms were investigated by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI and BAI). Depressive and anxiety symptoms were found in 45 (56.3%) and 42 (52.5%) elderly, respectively. There was a positive association between nutritional status, the score MNA®, and depressive and anxiety symptoms, indicating greater nutritional risk in elderly patients with these symptoms (MNA® the score average of 23.74±3.41 and 23.54±3.35 on). There were statistical differences associated nutrients monounsaturated fat (p=0.039), calcium (p=0.025), phosphorus (p=0.001), potassium (p=0.002) and ascorbic acid (p=0.024) of the classification categories for the symptoms depression (BDI). Seniors with depressive symptoms (BDI ≥10) showed higher calcium intake and lower intake of monounsaturated fat, phosphorus, potassium and ascorbic acid compared to those without depressive symptoms elderly (BDI ≤9). Comparing food intake in relation to classification categories for anxiety symptoms (BAI), there was an indication of the significance of niacin (p = 0.059). We conclude that nutritional status and food intake are directly associated with mood (depressive and anxiety symptoms), more efforts are needed to encourage the intake of these nutrients in institutionalized elderly.