Habermas e a ideia de continuidade reflexiva do projeto de estado social : da reformulação do déficit democrático da social-democracia à contraposição ao neoliberalismo

Abstract

This work develops a Habermasian idea of reflexive continuity of the Welfare State project, in order to pursue three specific points: (1) Habermas is critic of what this work will call demo-cratic deficit of Welfare State, advocated by the old social-democracy; this deficit is concei-ved as undermining the process of power structures democratization, originated from the spe-cific relationship between Welfare State and mass democracy in terms of late capitalism; (2) since the late 1970‟s, the main target of Habermas is represented by the theoretical-political position, neoconservative or neoliberal and, in this context, and with that idea, his objective consists in defending a continuation of the social-democratic project of state, from an ideal of radical democracy Between Facts and Norms, in this sense, is the reformulation of a social-democracy based on a radical democracy and, at the same time, a direct refusal of the neolibe-ral theoretical-political position; and (3) texts from the 1980‟s onwards, having as background the fallen of Real Socialism and the social-democracy crisis, Habermas articulates a theoreti-cal-political position, in this work named Left Social-democracy, as he reaffirms an emanci-patory ideal of Left, connected to a social-democrat attitude, this ideal is based on reformist critic of radical type, based on the continuation of the Welfare State project, tempered with radical democracy process (radical reformism).Now, what is the sense of this Left social-democracy founded in the reflexive pursuit of Welfare State? To answer this question, the thesis will follow a specific itinerary: firstly, it will define the meaning and the implications of democratic deficit of Welfare State project, while it will highlight the theoretical-political con-frontation between social-democracy and neoliberalism as a defining confrontation of Haber-masian theoretical-political praxis (and not only it), since the last three decades of the twentie-th century. Secondly, the thesis will develop a reformulation of social-democracy, by Haber-mas, in Between Facts and Norms, from an ideal of radical democracy, correlatively to its neoliberal contraposition. Thirdly, it will be defended, based on texts from the late 1980‟s onward, a Habermasian position of the Left social-democracy, which incorporates an emanci-patory theoretical-political ideal of the Left, whose objective is the reflexive pursuit of the Welfare State through a reformist critic of radical type.