Efeitos da modificação do estilo de vida nos parâmetros metabólicos e na qualidade de vida de pacientes com síndrome metabólica

Abstract

Purpose : Lifestyle intervention programs can reduce the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) and, therefore, reduce the risk for cardiac disease: one of the main public health problems nowadays. The aim was to compare the effects of three types of approach for lifestyle change programs in the reduction of metabolic parameters and identify its impact on quality of life (QOL) of individuals with MS. Methods : A randomized controlled trial included 125 individuals with MS between 30-59 years old, from the MERC Study at Hospital São Lucas of PUC-RS. Individuals were randomized into three groups of interdisciplinary intervention: Standard Intervention (SI), control group, Group Intervention (GI) and Individual Intervention (II), during 12 weeks. The primary outcome was change in the metabolic parameters and, secondarily, the improvement in QOL measures at three moments: baseline, 3 and 9 months. Results : Only 72 individuals concluded the study: SI: 19, GI: 25 and II: 28. GI and II resulted in significant reduction of body mass index, waist circumference, SBP at 3 months and the improvement of QOL, although it was significantly associated with the physical functioning domain. However, these changes did not remain 6 months after the end of intervention. Depression and anxiety were significantly associated with worse QOL, although they have not shown effect on the response to intervention. Conclusion : Interdiscliplinary intervention, especially in a group, might be an effective and economically feasible strategy in the control of metabolic parameters of MS and improvement of QOL compared to SI, even in a dose-effect relationship.