Qualidade de vida antes e após Bypass gastrico

Abstract

BACKGROUND : Quality of life (QoL) is an important criterion in the follow-up of results of medical treatments. Works on the evaluation of QoL in the long term are scarce. The present study was a long-term cross-sectional observation of aspects of QoL of morbidly obese patients submitted to bariatric surgery. METHODS : The WHOQOL-100 instrument was administered to 295 grade II and III obese patients submitted to bariatric surgery grouped by up to 11 years of posoperative. RESULTS : The BMI of 47.5±8.2 kg/m² in the preoperative period was reduced to 31.6±6.5 kg/m² (P<0.001). The percentage of loss of excess weight was substantial and remained high (at least 63.6±26.6 %) in all groups. In the physical domain, the group operated 1 year ago showed a considerable increase in QoL score (10.5±2.4 to 14.6±2.9, P<0.001), while the group operated 11 years ago returned to preoperative scores (12.2±2.0 to 12.2±2.9, P=0.975), with results similar to those for the level of independence domain (11.6±2.8 to 16.3±3.0, P<0.001, and 13.0±2.5 to 14.5±2.8, P=0.087). In the psychological domain, there was a persistent gain. The other domains did not show considerable variations. CONCLUSION : The reduction in BMI and in percent loss of excess weight was maintained during 11 years. Bariatric surgery demonstrated a positive effect on the QoL of subjects mainly in the first 7 postoperative years in the physical and level of independence domains. In the psychological domain, the gains persisted up to 11 postoperative years.