Quantificação sérica do BDNF e sua relação com volumetria do hipocampo, memória e funcionalidade em idosos

Abstract

Introduction: Aging is a life cycle stage that may be associated with higher or lower limits imposed by the years. Among these limitations we find the presence of different degrees of cognitive impairment, particularly memory, affecting the daily activities and may interfere with the functioning of the individual. Despite the knowledge that the aging indicate a positive association between serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), hippocampal volume and cognitive functions, very few studies explore these aspects together. However the association between these three aspects and their relationship to changes in activities of daily living was not found in the literature reviewed. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between serum levels of BDNF, hippocampal volumes, memory performance and functionality in a sample of elderly. Subjects and Methods: Forty-nine subjects of both sexes, right handed, aged from 60 years were selected from examinations of hippocampal volumetry (Magnetom Vision Plus 1.5 T) requested by the neurologist from complaints of forgetfulness. To the exclusion criteria was applied a short scale in Portuguese-validated Structured Clinical Interview, SCID-IV-TR (Structured Clinial Interview For DSM-IV-TR) that allows the diagnosis of major mental disorders (mood episodes, psychosis, abuse substances, anxiety and somatoform disorders). It was also an exclusion criterion: deafness, blindness and mental retardation. To assess cognitive deficits was administered the mini mental state examination (MMSE). In the evaluation of verbal memory (logical memory) and visual (visual reproduction), early and late was applied to the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS-R), and the Verbal Learning Test of Rey assessing learning immediate recall and recognition later. For the functional assessment of activities of daily living scales were applied functional Katz and Lawton. After application of these tests were submitted to the elderly collection, fasting, 5 ml of blood by venipuncture and forwarded it to the laboratory of immunology at the industry-HSL PUCRS to be subsequently carried out the analysis of BDNF serum using sandwich Kit - ELISA. Thus, this study examined the relationship between the levels of BDNF with the results of hippocampal volumetry and memory performance and functionality that this sample of elderly. Results: Considering the comparison between BDNF and volume of the hippocampus was detected statistically significant positive correlation, indicating that the lower serum levels of BDNF was related with shrinkage of the hippocampus, both on the right (r = 0.407, p <0.001) and the left (r = 0.593, p <0.001). When BDNF was compared to MMEE, there was also a significant correlation (r = 0.493, p <0.001). In the analysis between BDNF and tests related to memory, all associations were significant and positive, indicating that poor performance on memory tests Rey Verbal, and WMS-R (ML) I was significantly correlated to lower values of serum levels of BDNF, respectively, (r=0,555; p<0,001) and (r=0,589; p<0,001). A similar correlation was observed comparisons between BDNF and Lawton (r = 0.511, p <0.001). Considering the comparison between volumetry of the hippocampus and tests related to memory, there was a significant positive association in virtually all tests assessed, namely, REY Verbal (r = 0.555, p <0.001) REY VERBAL R (r = 0.531, p <0.001), functional scale (r = 0.374, p 0, 008) and MMEE (r = 0.358, p 0.012). A volumetric reduction of the hippocampus was associated with decrease of memory. Conclusion: Our findings suggest a possible association between reductions in BDNF serum levels, shrinkage of the hippocampus, episodic memory deficits, and dysfunction in activities of daily living. It should be noted, therefore, the potential diagnostic power of BDNF, when associated with hippocampal volumetric MRI, memory test and evaluation functional. They will become reliable biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases associated with aging, especially in its early stages, as a rule, there are only changes in memory.