Análise da variação da composição corporal por meio de bioimpedância elétrica em crianças e adolescentes com fibrose cística durante a internação hospitalar

Abstract

Introduction : Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a disease of autosomal recessive character, chronic and progressive, with involvement in various organs and systems. Respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders are more prevalent, which usually results in nutritional deficit. However, when there is a worsening of the clinical condition, requiring hospitalization, the risk of nutritional inbalance increases. The aim of this study was to evaluate variation in weight and body composition during hospitalization of children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis who received hypercaloric and hyperlipidic diet during hospitalization. Methods : This is a longitudinal study involving children and adolescents with CF hospitalized at São Lucas's Hospital/ PUCRS. Bioimpedance analysis was used to assess body composition. The evaluation took place within 48 hours after admission and 24 hours prior to hospital discharge. The energy and nutrient intake was investigated through a food record during three consecutive days. Comparisons between weight and body composition during hospitalization were performed through the corresponding statistical tests (t test and the Mann - Whitney test). Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. Results : The sample consisted of 13 patients, 8 (62 %) male. The mean age was 10.8 ± 3.61 years. The mean hospital stay was 14.5 ± 3.75 days. At the beginning of hospitalization, most patients were eutrophic (n = 9). Regarding categorization by pulmonary function, patients had moderate pulmonary disease according to FEV1 (52.08 ± 22.2). Patients received hypercaloric and hyperlipidic diet during hospitalization , and the findings showed significant changes in the variables, weight and fat mass (weight = 1.47 kg and fat mass 1.06 kg , p < 0.0001). Conclusion : The hypercaloric and hyperlipidic diet recommended during hospitalization was associated with significant weight gain and fat mass, with improvement of the nutritional status of most patients.