Avaliação dos efeitos da expansão rápida da maxila sobre a articulação temporomandibular em tomografia computadorizada Cone Beam

Abstract

Introduction : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects in the temporomandibular joint, resulting from rapid maxillary expansion (RME) with Haas and Hyrax devices analysed through Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Methodology : 96 TMJs of 48 patients were evaluated regarding maxillar transverse deficiency, with a mean age of 10.11 years old. The sample was divided into three groups: G1, without mandibular deviation (n=58 TMJs), G2, with posterior crossbite and lateral mandibular deviation (n = 38 TMJs), which was subdivided into side with mandibular deviation, G2CD (n = 19 TMJs), and side without mandibular deviation, G2SD (n = 19 TMJs). Types Haas and Hyrax devices were used in 23 and 25 individuals, respectively. All patients underwent the same protocol activation, totalling 8mm of screw opening at the end of the RME. The evaluation was performed on CBCT at times T1 (baseline), T2 (after the active phase of the RME with stabilizing screw expander). The skeletal and positioning of the mandibular condyle measurements were analysed and compared using Bonferroni analysis with repeated measures MANOVA and Student's t test, considering a significance level of 5%. Results : After REM, there was a statistically significant change in the axial distance in the mandible condyle and in the medial wall the + 0,411mm (p = 0,029), as well as in the distance to the medial wall of the sagittal line viewed in the coronal plane the +0,417mm (p = 0,010), irrespective of sex, type of appliance (Hyrax or Haas), and presence or not of mandibular deviation. The other measures showed no significant changes. Conclusion : The REM promotes increase, in the mandibular condyle distance to the medial wall, and in the medial wall distance to the sagittal line.