A recepção da dialética do reconhecimento de Hegel por Axel Honneth e os seus aportes para uma teoria da justiça

Abstract

This paper aims to revisit the theory of recognition and investigate the possibility of building a Theory of Justice from this tradition. To do so, it will revisit texts from G. W. F. Hegel's youth, especially System of Ethical Life, in which a defense of recognition based on more organic intersubjective exchanges in the spheres of family, civil society, and state can be found. After that, he will analyze the turn that Hegel's dialectics of recognition takes after the insertion of a monological concept of Spirit in the Phenomenology of Spirit and the Elements of the Philosophy of Right. Axel Honneth will recover this tradition from Hegel's early writings and engender an empirical inflection from G. H. Mead to theory in Struggle for Recognition. In doing so, Honneth will be able to describe the construction of identity as the fruit of intersubjective exchanges and to understand the grammar of social struggles as a struggle for recognition. Finally, the possibility of a Theory of Justice based on the reception of Hegel's dialectics of recognition is investigated in Suffering from Indeterminacy and, secondarily, Freedom's Right. In the first work, the defense of the primacy of intersubjectivity as a prophylaxis for insufficient forms of freedom is more explicit. In the second, although in a more implicit way, the defense of an ideal of social freedom also involves the recognition of this ideal in the various institutions of freedom. The research is bibliographical, based on primary literature of the two main authors, but also on articles and books by commentators such as L. Siep, V, Hösle, J. Habermas, C. Menke, R, Forst, among others. In an attempt to weave relationships between the texts, by intending the weaknesses and possibilities of the reception of Hegel's dialectic of recognition by Honneth for an analysis of the formation of subjectivity, social struggles and an idea of Justice.